| 2. | Charlemagne was born on 2 Apr 742 in Liege, Belgium (son of Pepin"the Short" King of The Franks and Queen of the Franks Bertrada Duchess of Laon); died on 28 Jan 814 in Aachen, Rhineland-Pfalz, Germany; was buried in Aachen Cathedral. Notes:
Charlemagne
Latin: Carolus Magnos or Karolus Magnus, meaning Charles the Great; possibly 742 - 28 January 814)
was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death in 814.
He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned Imperator Augustus by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800. This temporarily made him a rival of the Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople. His rule is also associated with the Carolingian Renaissance, a revival of art, religion, and culture through the medium of the Catholic Church. Through his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne helped define both Western Europe and the Middle Ages. He is numbered as Charles I in the regnal lists of Germany (where he is known as Karl der Große), the Holy Roman Empire, and France.
The son of King Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, a Frankish queen, he succeeded his father and co-ruled with his brother Carloman I. The latter got on badly with Charlemagne, but war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman in 771.
Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards from power in Italy, and leading an incursion into Muslim Spain, to which he was invited by the Muslim governor of Barcelona. Charlemagne was promised several Iberian cities in return for giving military aid to the governor; however, the deal was withdrawn. Subsequently, Charlemagne's retreating army experienced its worst defeat at the hands of the Basques, at the Battle of Roncesvalles (778) memorialised, although heavily fictionalised, in the Song of Roland. He also campaigned against the peoples to his east, especially the Saxons, and after a protracted war subjected them to his rule. By forcibly converting them to Christianity, he integrated them into his realm and thus paved the way for the later Ottonian dynasty.
Today he is regarded not only as the founding father of both French and German monarchies, but also as the father of Europe[1]: his empire united most of Western Europe for the first time since the Romans, and the Carolingian renaissance encouraged the formation of a common European identity.[2]
Charlemagne had twenty-four (24) children over the course of his life with eight of his ten known wives and concubines. Nonetheless, he had only 4 legitimate grandsons, the four sons of his third son Louis, plus a grandson who was born illigitimate, but included in the line of inheritance.
A. Himiltrude:
A1.B1 Amaudru
A1.B2 Pippin the Hunchback (ca. 769-811)
A2. Desiderata
A3. Hildegard:
A3.B1 Charles the Younger (ca. 772-4 December 811)
A3.B2 Adalhaid (774)
A3.B3 Rotrude (or Hruodrud) (775-6 June 810)
A3.B4 Carloman, renamed Pippin (April 777-8 July 810)
A3.B5 Louis I The Pious (778-20 June 840)
•m1. Ermengard:
A3.B5.C1.1 Lothaire(795-855)
A3.B5.C1.2 Pepin (797-838)
A3.B5.C1.3 Rotrude (800-)
A3. B5.C1.4 Berta or Adelaide
A3.B5.C1.5 Hildegrard (c802-857)
A3.B5.C1.6 Louis (806-876)
•m2. Judith:
A3.B5.C2.1 Gisela (c819-c874)
A3.B5.C2.2 Charles (823-877)
A3.B5.C2.3? Daughter
•'m'3.Theodelinde? / Concubine:
A3.B5.C3.1 Alpais (c793-852)
A3.B5.C2 Arnoul (794-841)
A3.B6 Lothair (778-6 February 779/780)
A3.B7 Bertha (779-826)
A3.B8 Gisela (781-808)
A3.B9 Hildegarde (782-783)
A4. Gersuinda
A4.B1 Adaltrude (b.774)
A5. Madelgard
A5.B1 Ruodhaid (775-810)
A6. Fastrada
A6.B1 Theodrada (b.784)
A6.B2 Hiltrude (b.787)
A7. Luitgard
A8. Amaltrude
A8.B1 Alpaida (b.794)
A9. Regina
A9.B1 Drogo (801-855)
A9.B2 Hugh (802-844)
A10. Ethelind:
A10.B1 Richbod (805-844)
A10.B2 Theodoric (b. 807)
married Regina. was born about 770. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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802 - 844 (42 years)